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Yin Yang

The black and white shapes represent opposing elements of the universe, not polar opposites like evil and goodness but complementary ones like man and woman.  Yin (black) and yang (white) need each other to balance and harmony.

Yin is associated with the moon, black, cold, passivity, north, winter, and women. 

Yang is associates with the sun, white, warmth, activity, south, summer, and men.