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Bastille Day Several factors led to the Revolution. The country was led by a King and Queen, whose governing was less than desirable. France had the largest population in Europe and not nearly enough food to feed it. The wealthy and growing bourgeoisie (the middle-class, merchants, and businessmen) were allowed no political input or power. The poor were in a bad situation and it was getting worse. The country was nearing bankrupt. By the late 1780s the people of France were fed up and began speaking out. Assemblies were held and demands of a constitution were made. When King Louis XVI and his queen, Marie Antoinette, tried to quiet the unrest the people rebelled.  On July
14, 1789 the masses banded together and stormed the Bastille prison, a
symbol of the corrupt political system. This began the Revolution. The
following year on July 14th delegates from all regions of France
gathered in Paris to celebrate the Fête de la
Fédération and proclaim their allegiance to one
national community. This made France a paragon for the rest of Europe
and established them as a nation of liberty.The First Republic was established in 1792. During this period, known as the Reign of Terror, leaders like Maximilien Robespierre rejected the idea of federalism and enforced their own ideas upon the people. They held mass executions by guillotine, closed churches, and repressed religious freedoms among other things. They claimed their acts were justified because of the European monarchy allegiances just outside of France and the growing number of uprisings within the borders. In the end, in an ironic twist of fate, the leaders of The First Republic found themselves under the blade of the guillotine. The Revolution lead to the tricolor flag of blue, red, and white. Blue and red are the colors of Paris and white is the color of royalty. Bastille Day was proclaimed a national holiday in 1880 and in 1848 the motto "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" was reinstated. In France, most folks take Bastille Eve off and celebrate with festive balls and brilliant displays of fireworks. The day that follows is filled with parades, bands, dancing, and general good times. |
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